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Paula Otero

Blog

Paula Otero

Environmental and Sustainability Consultant

122 articles published

Biologist from the University of Santiago de Compostela with a Master’s degree in Natural Environment Management and Conservation from the University of Cádiz. After collaborating in university studies and working as an environmental consultant, I now apply my expertise at Manglai. I specialize in leading sustainability projects focused on the Sustainable Development Goals for companies. I advise clients on carbon footprint measurement and reduction, contribute to the development of our platform, and conduct internal training. My experience combines scientific rigor with practical applicability in the business sector.

Articles by Paula Otero

2027 sustainability regulatory calendar: key dates for companies in Spain and the EU

Legislation and regulation

2026 10 29
•6 MIN

2027 sustainability regulatory calendar: key dates for companies in Spain and the EU

2027 is the year the revised CSRD starts to apply to large companies above the new thresholds, with the simplified ESRS mandatory for financial years ...

PPWR packaging minimization and empty space ratio: what it requires and how to calculate it

Legislation and regulation

2026 10 22
•6 MIN

PPWR packaging minimization and empty space ratio: what it requires and how to calculate it

From 1 January 2030, Regulation (EU) 2025/40 on packaging sets a maximum empty space ratio of 50% for grouped packaging, transport packaging and e-com ...

NOM-161-SEMARNAT-2011: which special management waste requires a management plan and how to build one

Waste management

2026 10 20
•6 MIN

NOM-161-SEMARNAT-2011: which special management waste requires a management plan and how to build one

NOM-161-SEMARNAT-2011 sets out the criteria for classifying a waste stream as special management waste and determines which of those streams must have ...

What Is Waste Traceability in the Automotive Industry?

Waste management

2026 10 20
•3 MIN

What Is Waste Traceability in the Automotive Industry?

Waste traceability is the complete documentary record of every waste stream a company generates, from the moment it is produced to its final destinati ...

ETS2: the EU second emissions market for transport and buildings, and its effect on costs

Legislation and regulation

2026 10 13
•6 MIN

ETS2: the EU second emissions market for transport and buildings, and its effect on costs

ETS2 is the European Union's second emissions trading system, created by Directive (EU) 2023/959 to cover the CO2 from fuels used in buildings, road t ...

Spain's PRTR register: what it is, who must report and when the deadline falls

Legislation and regulation

2026 10 08
•5 MIN

Spain's PRTR register: what it is, who must report and when the deadline falls

Spain's State Register of Emissions and Pollutant Sources, known as PRTR-España, is the public database where industrial facilities report each year h ...

Sustainable consumption law in Spain: how it transposes the anti-greenwashing directive and the right to repair

Legislation and regulation

2026 10 06
•6 MIN

Sustainable consumption law in Spain: how it transposes the anti-greenwashing directive and the right to repair

Spain's forthcoming sustainable consumption law transposes two EU directives at once: Directive (EU) 2024/825 on empowering consumers for the green tr ...

Spend-based vs activity-based method in scope 3: when to use each

Practical guides

2026 10 01
•6 MIN

Spend-based vs activity-based method in scope 3: when to use each

The spend-based method calculates emissions for a scope 3 category by multiplying spend in currency by a sector-level monetary emission factor, while ...

Fluorinated gases and fugitive emissions: how to calculate scope 1 refrigerant leaks

Practical guides

2026 09 29
•7 MIN

Fluorinated gases and fugitive emissions: how to calculate scope 1 refrigerant leaks

Refrigerant leaks are usually the scope 1 line item that catches people off guard in a first greenhouse gas inventory: there is no fuel invoice behind ...

Guarantees of origin and scope 2: how to account for renewable electricity

Core climate concepts

2026 09 24
•6 MIN

Guarantees of origin and scope 2: how to account for renewable electricity

If you buy electricity with guarantees of origin, your inventory has to carry two scope 2 figures, not one . The GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance require ...

CBAM timeline 2026 and 2027: authorised declarant, annual declaration and certificates

Legislation and regulation

2026 09 22
•6 MIN

CBAM timeline 2026 and 2027: authorised declarant, annual declaration and certificates

If you import iron and steel, cement, aluminium, fertilisers, electricity or hydrogen, four dates govern your calendar: since 1 January 2026 only an a ...

Carbon footprint of a services company: what to measure without a factory

Practical guides

2026 09 17
•6 MIN

Carbon footprint of a services company: what to measure without a factory

With no factory or vehicle fleet of its own, the carbon footprint of a consultancy, a law firm, an agency or a software company concentrates in three ...

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